Blood Sugar Reading - Obtained from a blood glucose meter, these readings inform the diabetic how much glucose (or sugar) is in the bloodstream. These readings are given in mg/dl, which stands for milligrams of glucose per deciliter of blood. People without diabetes have blood sugar levels ranging from 80 mg/dl to 120 mg/dl, while diabetics can have readings as low as 40 mg/dl and as high as 500 mg/dl or more. Consistent blood sugar readings above 200 mg/dl or below 70 mg/dl can accelerate complications that arise from diabetes.

Endocrinologist - A doctor that specializes in the endocrine system, which deals with diabetes, thyroid diseases, osteoperosis, metabolic disorders, and various other conditions.

Insulin to Blood Sugar Ratio - This indicates how one unit of insulin affects blood sugar levels. For instance, a ratio of 1:25 means one unit of insulin will lower a diabetic's blood sugar by 25 mg/dl. This ratio is usually in the range of 1:20 to 1:75.

Insulin to Carbohydrate Ratio - This indicates how many carbohydrates are counteracted by each unit of insulin. For instance, a ratio of 1:5 means one unit of insulin is needed to counteract 5 grams of carbohydrates that are eaten. This ratio is usually in the range of 1:5 to 1:20.

Insulin Pump - A device with insulin stored inside that connects to the body via a short cathoder. The insulin is injected both slowly throughout the day as well as in lump sums when the user needs it, due to factors such as food and high blood sugar levels.

Type 1 Diabetes - This is the more severe form of diabetes, where little to no insulin is produced in the pancreas. Insulin must be taken daily to treat this condition.

Type 2 Diabetes - This is the most common form of diabetes. Insulin is still produced, but a resistance has built up, making the insulin less effective. This condition can often be controlled with a healthy lifestyle and medication.