1	Catalyzing Community Efforts for Disaster Reporting, Response and Recovery Ben Shneiderman ben@cs.umd.edu Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Department of Computer Science & Institute for Advanced Computer Studies University of Maryland College Park, MD 20742
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3	Design Issues Input devices & strategies Keyboards, pointing devices, voice Direct manipulation Menus, forms, commands Output devices & formats Screens, windows, color, sound Text, tables, graphics Instructions, messages, help Collaboration & communities Manuals, tutorials, training
4	U.S. Library of Congress Scholars, Journalists, Citizens Teachers, Students
5	Visible Human Explorer (NLM) Doctors Surgeons Researchers Students
6	NASA Environmental Data Scientists Farmers Land planners Students
7	NSF Digital Government Initiative Find what you need Understand what you Find
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9	Treemap: Smartmoney MarketMap
10	International Children’s Digital Library
11	911.gov Integrate Internet and mobile technologies: Residents report information Professionals disseminate instructions Resident-to-Resident assistance Professionals in control while working with empowered residents
12	911.Gov article in Science (Feb. 16, 2007)
13	Potential Advantages of CRGs Interoperability & scalability Survivability thru multiple communication channels Universal usability Trust based on social networks established before emergency Highly localized information
14	"Reporting"
15	"Reporting"
16	1) Research Testbed Design, implement, & evaluate: Technology alternatives: web & mobile Integration into existing emergency response Determinants of social participation Universal usability Resistance to attacks & rumors Scalability, survivability & privacy
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22	2) UM Survey of Emergency Communications 113 Grad Students, Faculty, Staff... Only 64% use text messaging SMS concerns: Cost, spam, usability Focus groups are being conducted Study of undergrads is underway
23	3) Alerts.umd.edu Web-based registration, cellphone alerts Monthly test messages One alert: car jacking Issue: Motivating registration
24	4) Typology of Emergency Events
25	The ISCRAM Challenge
26	Declining Social Capital (Putnam, 2000) Neighborhoods & education failing Economic & healthcare inequities Epidemics & pollution Accidents & natural disasters Terror threats
27	Restoring Social Capital City, county, state civic services Federal agencies Corporations Resident action for community efficacy
28	Social Media & Community Open Source, LINUX Wikipedia, Citizendium, Wikia Citizen Journalism, Democracy NOW Facebook, LinkedIn, MySpace Flickr, YouTube, Digg, del.icio.us Second Life Google Map Mashups
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30	Citizendium & WikiDemocracy
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33	"Role Models & Inspirations" Role Models & Inspirations Make good deeds visible Everyone is a role model Tell stories to celebrate local heroes Encourage generalized reciprocity Build community efficacy & social capital
34	"Disaster-related"
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46	Recovery: Memorials Community response to emergencies 2007 CA wildfire Virginia Tech tragedy Wikipedia “has emerged as the clearinghouse for detailed information on the event.” (NY Times) University of Maryland emergency response systems Typical Incident Command System UMD Alerts notification system
47	"Disaster-related"
48	"Fear"
49	"Wikipedia & Reporting sites"
50	"Charismatic leader & bottom-up initiatives"
51	"Implement software & real-world efforts"
52	Activities and Relationship Table (ART) Relationships 1-to-1 Family & Friends Colleagues & Neighbors Citizenry & Markets
53	"Disaster-related"
54	Interdisciplinary Challenges Modern problems are complex Solutions require multiple disciplines Laboratory studies have limited relevance Natural sciences are not sufficient
55	UN Millennium Development Goals
56	Historic Transformation Existing sciences have reached limits: The End of Science: Facing the Limits of Knowledge in the Twilight of the Scientific Age, John Horgan End of Physics End of Computer Science End of History, Francis Fukuyama
57	Science 1.0 Reductionist Controlled Experiments Replicability Laboratory Natural World
58	Science 1.0 + Science 2.0 Reductionist à Integrated Controlled à Case Experiments Studies Replicability à Validity Laboratory à Situated Natural World à Made World
59	Science 1.0 + Science 2.0 Reductionist à Integrated Controlled à Case Experiments Studies Replicability à Validity Laboratory à Situated Natural World à Made World Hypothesis Testing à Hypothesis Testing Predictive Theories à Predictive Theories Replications à Replications
60	Science 2.0 Emerges Interdisciplinary study of the made world Socially embedded Bringing closer together - theory & practice - basic & applied research New research directions (Emerson, Dewey, James, Simon, Berners-Lee, … and many of you!)
61	Short Range Goals Validate benefits of new designs Move from observational & experimental to interventional Rapid refinements of designs Benefits to users
62	Long Range Goals Harness Collaboration Pair-wise Small Team Larger Group Social Creativity
63	Long Range Goals Harness Collaboration Pair-wise Small Team Larger Group Social Creativity Measure giga-collabs and peta-contribs
64	Long Range Goals Understand dynamics of Trust Empathy Responsibility Privacy Etc.
65	Road ahead Much work to be done Difficult to attain all our goals But we can make important contributions
66	Road ahead Much work to be done Difficult to attain all our goals But we can make important contributions Shift public policy National Institutes for Collaboration National Initiative for Building Community
67	Road ahead Much work to be done Difficult to attain all our goals But we can make important contributions Shift public policy National Institutes for Collaboration National Initiative for Building Community Let’s roll!
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