Remember what this means. 
• We are representing moving a set of points, projecting them into the image, and scaling them.
• Matrix multiplication: take inner product between each row of S and each point.  First row of S produces X coordinates, while second row produces Y.
• Projection occurs because S has no third row.
• Translation occurs with tx and ty.
• Scaling can be encoded with a scale factor in S.
• The rest of S must be allowing the object to rotate.
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