    // Copyright (C) 2010  Davis E. King (davis@dlib.net)
    // License: Boost Software License   See LICENSE.txt for the full license.
    #undef DLIB_OPTIMIZATION_SOLVE_QP_UsING_SMO_ABSTRACT_Hh_
    #ifdef DLIB_OPTIMIZATION_SOLVE_QP_UsING_SMO_ABSTRACT_Hh_

    #include "../matrix.h"

    namespace dlib
    {

    // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

        template <
            typename EXP1,
            typename EXP2,
            typename T, long NR, long NC, typename MM, typename L
            >
        unsigned long solve_qp_using_smo (
            const matrix_exp<EXP1>& Q,
            const matrix_exp<EXP2>& b,
            matrix<T,NR,NC,MM,L>& alpha,
            T eps,
            unsigned long max_iter
        );
        /*!
            requires
                - Q.nr() == Q.nc()
                - is_col_vector(b) == true
                - is_col_vector(alpha) == true
                - b.size() == alpha.size() == Q.nr()
                - alpha.size() > 0
                - min(alpha) >= 0
                - eps > 0
                - max_iter > 0
            ensures
                - Let C == sum(alpha) (i.e. C is the sum of the alpha values you
                  supply to this function)
                - This function solves the following quadratic program:
                    Minimize: f(alpha) == 0.5*trans(alpha)*Q*alpha - trans(alpha)*b
                    subject to the following constraints:
                        - sum(alpha) == C (i.e. the sum of alpha values doesn't change)
                        - min(alpha) >= 0 (i.e. all alpha values are nonnegative)
                    Where f is convex.  This means that Q should be positive-semidefinite.
                - The solution to the above QP will be stored in #alpha.
                - This function uses a simple implementation of the sequential minimal
                  optimization algorithm.  It starts the algorithm with the given alpha
                  and it works on the problem until the duality gap (i.e. how far away
                  we are from the optimum solution) is less than eps.  So eps controls
                  how accurate the solution is and smaller values result in better solutions.
                - At most max_iter iterations of optimization will be performed.
                - returns the number of iterations performed.  If this method fails to
                  converge to eps accuracy then the number returned will be max_iter+1.
        !*/

    // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

        template <
            typename EXP1,
            typename EXP2,
            typename EXP3,
            typename T, long NR, long NC, typename MM, typename L,
            long NR2, long NC2
            >
        unsigned long solve_qp4_using_smo (
            const matrix_exp<EXP1>& A,
            const matrix_exp<EXP2>& Q,
            const matrix_exp<EXP3>& b,
            const matrix_exp<EXP4>& d,
            matrix<T,NR,NC,MM,L>& alpha,
            matrix<T,NR2,NC2,MM,L>& lambda,
            T eps,
            unsigned long max_iter,
            T max_lambda = std::numeric_limits<T>::infinity()
        );
        /*!
            requires
                - A.nc() == alpha.size()
                - Q.nr() == Q.nc()
                - is_col_vector(b) == true
                - is_col_vector(d) == true
                - is_col_vector(alpha) == true
                - b.size() == alpha.size() == Q.nr()
                - d.size() == A.nr()
                - alpha.size() > 0
                - min(alpha) >= 0
                - eps > 0
                - max_iter > 0
                - max_lambda >= 0
            ensures
                - Let C == sum(alpha) (i.e. C is the sum of the alpha values you
                  supply to this function)
                - This function solves the following quadratic program:
                    Minimize: f(alpha,lambda) == 0.5*trans(alpha)*Q*alpha - trans(alpha)*b +
                                                 0.5*trans(lambda)*lambda - trans(lambda)*A*alpha - trans(lambda)*d
                    subject to the following constraints:
                        - sum(alpha)  == C (i.e. the sum of alpha values doesn't change)
                        - min(alpha)  >= 0 (i.e. all alpha values are nonnegative)
                        - min(lambda) >= 0 (i.e. all lambda values are nonnegative)
                        - max(lambda) <= max_lambda (i.e. all lambda values are less than max_lambda)
                    Where f is convex.  This means that Q should be positive-semidefinite.
                - If you don't want an upper limit on lambda then max_lambda can be set to
                  infinity.
                - The solution to the above QP will be stored in #alpha and #lambda.
                - This function uses a simple implementation of the sequential minimal
                  optimization algorithm.  It starts the algorithm with the given alpha
                  and it works on the problem until the duality gap (i.e. how far away
                  we are from the optimum solution) is less than eps.  So eps controls
                  how accurate the solution is and smaller values result in better solutions.
                  The initial value of lambda is ignored since the optimal lambda can be
                  obtained via a simple closed form expression given alpha.
                - At most max_iter iterations of optimization will be performed.
                - returns the number of iterations performed.  If this method fails to
                  converge to eps accuracy then the number returned will be max_iter+1.
        !*/

    // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

        template <
            typename EXP1,
            typename EXP2,
            typename T, long NR, long NC, typename MM, typename L
            >
        unsigned long solve_qp_box_constrained (
            const matrix_exp<EXP1>& Q,
            const matrix_exp<EXP2>& b,
            matrix<T,NR,NC,MM,L>& alpha,
            matrix<T,NR,NC,MM,L>& lower,
            matrix<T,NR,NC,MM,L>& upper,
            T eps,
            unsigned long max_iter
        );
        /*!
            requires
                - Q.nr() == Q.nc()
                - alpha.size() == lower.size() == upper.size()
                - is_col_vector(b) == true
                - is_col_vector(alpha) == true
                - is_col_vector(lower) == true
                - is_col_vector(upper) == true
                - b.size() == alpha.size() == Q.nr()
                - alpha.size() > 0
                - 0 <= min(alpha-lower)
                - 0 <= max(upper-alpha)
                - eps > 0
                - max_iter > 0
            ensures
                - This function solves the following quadratic program:
                    Minimize: f(alpha) == 0.5*trans(alpha)*Q*alpha + trans(b)*alpha
                    subject to the following box constraints on alpha:
                        - 0 <= min(alpha-lower)
                        - 0 <= max(upper-alpha)
                    Where f is convex.  This means that Q should be positive-semidefinite.
                - The solution to the above QP will be stored in #alpha.
                - This function uses a combination of a SMO algorithm along with Nesterov's
                  method as the main iteration of the solver.  It starts the algorithm with the
                  given alpha and it works on the problem until the derivative of f(alpha) is
                  smaller than eps for each element of alpha or the alpha value is at a box
                  constraint.  So eps controls how accurate the solution is and smaller values
                  result in better solutions.
                - At most max_iter iterations of optimization will be performed.
                - returns the number of iterations performed.  If this method fails to
                  converge to eps accuracy then the number returned will be max_iter+1.
        !*/

    // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    }

    #endif // DLIB_OPTIMIZATION_SOLVE_QP_UsING_SMO_ABSTRACT_Hh_